ศัลยกรรม
ปรับรูปหน้าIn recent years, we have witnessed a fundamentally new stage in the knowledge of the astronomical body closest to us — the Moon, as well as the planets of the solar system. Along with the classical methods of ground-based observations in the visible, infrared and radio spectrum regions, it has become possible to carry out measurements in the immediate vicinity of the Moon and on its surface, as well as in the atmospheres of planets. As a result, the numerous hypotheses about the physicochemical characteristics of the Moon, Venus, and Mars that were previously used to interpret the results of ground measurements have disappeared. At the same time, new problems have arisen concerning, first of all, the nature of the processes occurring on the planets or in their vicinity. The solution of these problems is necessary to clarify the features of the chemical composition, thermal regime and structure of the atmosphere and surface, as well as to clarify quantitative estimates of various parameters (for example, temperature, pressure) and patterns of their distribution along the height and along the surface of the planet.
Unfortunately, spacecraft flights to planets are episodic, and the most valuable information they deliver is still localized in space and limited in time. Ground measurements are incomparably more accessible. Therefore, it is necessary to combine these methods. A thorough joint analysis of the data of direct measurements with the results accumulated by astronomers and radio astronomers over many years, and attempts at their theoretical generalization open up the possibility of the most complete knowledge of the physical conditions on the planets.
The results of the flights of our interplanetary stations to Venus and the American Mariner spacecraft to Mars were the focus of attention of the participants of the Symposium on the Atmospheres and Surfaces of the Moon and Planets, held in Woods Hole (Massachusetts, USA) in August 1969.
The symposium was organized by the International Radio Union (URSI) with the assistance of the International Union of Astronomers (MAC) and another organization, the Committee for Space Research (COSPAR). On the Soviet side, a delegation consisting of V. S. Avduevsky, A. D. Kuzmin and the author of this article took part in the symposium. After the symposium, at the invitation of American scientists, the Soviet delegation visited the High-Tech radar complex of the Lincoln Laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Massachusetts and Cornell Universities, the California Institute of Technology, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena (California), Stanford University and the Space Research Institute in New York. MelBet is a new sportsbook and casino brand and with our melbet promo code you can claim a lucrative welcome bonus for sports betting worth 130% up to €/$130 or currency equivalent. There is also a great casino welcome package worth up to €1750 and 290 free spins. Our MelBet voucher code works for all available sections and for all countries that haven't been restricted by MelBet.